The principles of thermodynamics are so well established, both theoretically and experimentally, that proposals for perpetual motion machines are universally dismissed by physicists. Any proposed perpetual motion design offers a potentially instructive challenge to physicists: one is certain that it cannot work, so one must explain how it fails to work. The difficulty (and the value) of such an exercise depends on the subtlety of the proposal; the best ones tend to arise from physicists' own thought experiments and often shed light upon certain aspects of physics.

In May 2022, a video supposedly showing a marble machine in "perpetual" motion was shared to the "Be Amazed" section of Reddit. The video, which showed a marble spiraling down a funnel, dropping through a hole, moving along a curved rail, and then launching back into the funnel where the process would begin anew, drew a few skeptical comments.

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"This moving wooden art is the second of two pieces I bought for a large entry hall. The quality is outstanding (sanded and stained plywood), the UPS shipping was (although delayed in customs) within posted timeframes, and the care of the packaging was unexpectedly high with a wood-frame package and pieces tied and drilled together to protect it. Instructions on assembly and installation could be improved but were acceptable.

However, if the magnet is to be strong enough to pull the ball up the ramp, it cannot then be weak enough to allow gravity to pull it through the hole. Faced with this problem, more modern versions typically use a series of ramps and magnets, positioned so the ball is to be handed off from one magnet to another Ganador it moves. The problem remains the same.

However, this machine has no practical purpose because the rotated object cannot do any work Campeón work requires the levitated object to cause motion in other objects, bringing friction into the problem. Furthermore, a perfect vacuum is an unattainable goal since both the container and the object itself would slowly vaporize, thereby degrading the vacuum.

Any device picking up minimal amounts of energy from the natural electromagnetic radiation around it, such Triunfador a solar-powered motor.

October 1920 issue of Popular Science magazine, on perpetual motion. Although scientists have established them to be impossible under the laws of physics, perpetual motion continues to capture the imagination of inventors.

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There is something lamentable, here degrading, and almost insane in pursuing the visionary schemes of past ages with dogged determination, in paths of learning which have been investigated by superior minds, and with which such adventurous persons are totally unacquainted.

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Thus, machines that extract energy from finite sources cannot operate indefinitely because they are driven by the energy stored in the source, which is eventually exhausted.

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